Explore this comprehensive guide to designing roofs, focusing on aspects such as slopes, ridges, valleys, and how to handle architectural complications. The article provides step-by-step instructions for drawing and adjusting roof lines for a building with a covered area over the front door.
Key Insights
- Roofs typically have a slope of 5 and 12, meaning for every 12 inches of run, the roof goes up 5 inches. Equal roof slopes on either side result in roofs coming together at a 45-degree angle.
- When dealing with covered areas over entrances, changes need to be made to the roof design including stretching and adjusting various line segments and turning on/off specific layers, like the roof gutter layer.
- In complex roof designs, different roof panels may meet at rising points in the roof. Ensuring all segments meet up correctly requires the use of various design tools like copying lines, trimming, and filleting.
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Let's begin working on our roofs, hips, ridges, valleys, and all that good stuff. Now, if you look at the handout, you can see that the roof typically has a slope of 5 and 12. What that means is that for every 12 inches of run, the roof goes up 5 inches.
So it's a 5 and 12. It goes up 5 for every 12 inches. Because we have 5 and 12, or should I better say, because we have equal roof slopes on either side, when the roofs come together, they will be coming together at a 45 degree angle.
So I'm going to begin by drawing a line from this corner. And I'm just going to say at 12 feet comma 12 feet, Enter, Enter. So again, all I've done is I've brought in a line that's 12 feet long to the right and going up.
So this is going to be a typical condition where this side of the roof meets up with this side of the roof. I'm then going to mirror this line from the mid of this wall segment, or overhang segment, over to there. I'm then going to copy this to the end.
I'm going to copy this fellow over to there and also to here. I'm going to mirror. No, I'm just going to copy again.
I'll copy this segment over to here. Copy this segment over to here. And copy it here, here, and here.
I will copy this segment from here to here and over to here. Now it's time to start doing a little bit of cleanup. Ah, here's one thing I just noticed, is that in my roof itself, I have a covered area over the front door.
So I need to go back and make some changes. So I'm glad that I caught that. Here's one of the things I'm going to do.
I'm going to turn on my A roof gutter layer. And I'm going to erase out these line segments. And I'm now going to go stretch.
So I will say stretch. I will do a crossing over these segments. Enter to say I'm done, from the end of the two-foot overhang above the front door.
And I'm going to make it perpendicular to the outside face of the building. So I'm picking over here. But if you look on the right, in a second, you'll see that the perpendicular icon is there.
So Control S to save. I'm now going to turn off my roof gutter. And again, the reason I'm keeping the gutter layer turned off is to make sure that I'm attaching to the right lines.
I'd rather attach to the roof overhang and not to the gutter. So I will now copy this line segment from here to here. And copy this segment from here to here.
Control S to save. So I'm glad that we caught that. Now again, if I were to turn on the roof outline layer, you can see how the building comes back here.
And there's a covered area over the front porch. Once again, I'm going to turn off my outline layer. I'm going to start off by doing some cleanup in through here.
I'm going to draw a line from the intersection to the intersection. Then I'm going to do some trim. Trim.
This is my cutting edge. Enter to say I'm done selecting. And I will get rid of these segments.
Control S to save. Now, as I look around the handout, I can tell that I'm going to be needing to work with intersection a fair amount. So I'm going to go to my O snap icon down here.
Do a right button. Go to settings. And I have end point on.
I will also turn intersection on. Going to zoom into this area. And now I will clean up here.
This will be a fillet. So I will go to fillet. Check the radius.
Ah, it's a two-foot radius from what we were working on before. So I'm going to do a right button. Let my radius value be zero.
And I will choose these segments right there. I'm going to draw a line from the intersection of here horizontally. And I will extend.
There's trim. And there's extend. I will extend to here this segment.
I'm going to fillet. Again, look at the radius of zero. Fillet these guys together.
But what's happening is this is sort of architectural complication. The roofs right in through here will actually meet at a rising spot in the roof. So I'm going to copy this line, the 45, from here to here.
And then I will trim. This is my cutting edge and this too. And I will get rid of that segment and that segment.
I'm now going to draw a line from the intersection of here over. And once again, trim crossing. And I choose to get rid of these entities here.
So what's happening is you can see the roof comes up. It levels out here so we can get this panel of the roof. But the roof will continue to rise along the front so that this segment can meet up with it.
I'm now going to mirror this line over to here. And I'll do some trimming and do my cleanup. I'm going to fillet these segments here and this segment here.
And then I have a panel that's going to be happening here. So I'm actually going to extend to here this segment. And I will trim that.
And I'm going to draw a line from here straight down. You can see how everything marries up. And I will trim those segments right there.
So again, what we have going on is we have the roof panel here, another panel here, a panel here. So the roof is continuing to rise up to that point. And we have this panel over here.
So I'm going to save this drawing. And in a couple of minutes, we're going to come back and begin laying out the drawing to be considered for our roof plan sheet file.